مجله آموزش پرستاری
سال پنجم شماره 5 (پیاپی 19، آذر و دی 1395)

Academic failure is a multifaceted common problem in the educational system, which imposes costs and causes frustration, lowering morale and resulting in negative social behaviors in students. Regarding the importance of identifying the academic failure factors, and controversial results of the existing researches in various regions, this study was conducted to determine the rate of academic failure and its related factors from the perspectives of nursing students of Kermanshah School of Nursing and Midwifery in 2011-2012.
In a descriptive-analytical study, among 359 nursing students, 33 were recruited. The sampling method was census in the group with academic failure (11 individuals) and systematic randomized for the group with academic success (22 individuals). The tool was a researcher-tailored valid and reliable questionnaire, which was completed by the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16, descriptive and inferential statistics.
In this study, the rate of academic failure was estimated at 3.06%, considering the total number of students (359 individuals) and the number of failed students (11 individuals), accordingly. The mean of familial factors was more than educational and individual factors. The statistical tests revealed that there was difference between failed and succeeded groups in terms of gender (P The findings showed negative effects of the following items on academic failure in nursing students: familial problems, male gender, living in the campus, lack of study planning, and negative attitude to employment in the future. Therefore, it is recommended to identify students at risk and provide them with counseling assistance.

ntroduction: In light of the importance of students’ self-compassion and its effect on students in medical education, the purpose of the present research was examining the role of self-compassion regarding public health and academic achievement of students of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
The population in this study was bachelor’s-degree students of the Nursing and Midwifery Faculty of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2014. The total sample size was specified as 250 people based on ratio stratified sampling method using Krejcie and Morgan table. Neff’s self-compassion scale and general health questionnaire (GHQ) were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 as well as MANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression statistical tests.
The findings of this research demonstrated significant differences, generally observed between different dimensions of self-compassion in female and male students (P The research demonstrated that there was a relationship between students’ self-compassion, public health, and academic achievement; therefore, it is suggested that more attention should be pointed to improvement of students’ self-compassion and academic achievement conditions by performing self-compassion training courses.

Given the influence of postpartum depression on patterns of parent-child relationships, in this study we aimed to determine detached mindfulness in meta-cognitive therapy on postpartum depression.
In this quasi-experimental study, the study sample included 30 patients among 89 patients referred to Bozorgmehr clinic in Tabriz in 2014, who had postpartum depression. Four weeks after delivery and after clinical interview and completing Beck Depression Inventory, depression was diagnosed. After eight sessions (two sessions a week, 90 minutes per month) of detached mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, depression questionnaire was administered in both groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 and analysis of covariance.
The results of analysis of covariance showed that after the intervention, the average posttest in the test group decreased significantly (P = 0.026). Thus, this treatment reduced the rate of postpartum depression in the patients under study.
These findings may have important implications in the use of detached mindfulness in meta-cognitive therapy on postpartum depression.

Spiritual health is one of the important components of health. The relationship between Spiritual Health and Happiness as a sense of personal satisfaction of life, especially among students as future managers of communities is very important. The aim of this study, which was carried out in 2015, was to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and happiness in nursing students.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted among nursing students of Yazd University of Medical Sciences and Islamic Azad Universities in Yazd. Sampling was performed using census method and samples of this study consisted of 550 nursing students. The data were collected via two questionnaires: 1. Spiritual Health Questionnaires of Ellison with three dimensions of cognition, emotion, and action; 2. Oxford Happiness and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire with five subscales of life satisfaction, self-esteem, subjective well-being, satisfaction, and positive mood. Previous studies have confirmed the validity and reliability of these questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20 using descriptive statistics (frequency) and analytical statistics (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, t-test, linear regression).
The mean grade scores of "spiritual health" and "happiness" in nursing students were 95.04 ± 16.03 and 45.46 ± 15.67 at Azad Medical University, and 98.14 ± 13.95 and 50.23 ± 15.39 at Yazd University of Medical Sciences, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between spiritual health and happiness of students. The Correlation coefficients between spiritual health and happiness in Islamic Azad University and Yazd University of Medical Sciences were r = 0.63, P Spiritual health and happiness in nursing students at both universities were above average. There was a significant difference between spiritual health and happiness of students between the two universities. In other words, higher spiritual health increased the student's happiness level. Therefore, planning to promote spiritual health of students to increase their happiness is essential.

The most important asset of any organization is their clients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between human capital and satisfaction with services at Sabalan Social Security Hospital in Ardebil, Iran.
The population in this descriptive study was allocated to two groups: intra organizational and extra organizational. Intra organizational managers and employees consisted of 190 individuals and extra organizational group included 240 candidates. The census method was used for sampling and a researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) was used to analyze the data, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression model.
The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between human resources and satisfaction in hospital services (P According to the results of the study, human capital can be considered as one of the most important factors related to the satisfaction of service in hospitals and health centers. Administrators and managers may value human capital to increase satisfaction of services.

Teaching is not only transfer of knowledge, but also, it is an interaction between the learner and the teacher. Thus, student participation in the teaching–learning process can be important and effective in learning. This study was performed to investigate the viewpoint of nursing and midwifery students regarding desirability of collaborative learning in their English language courses.
This intervention study was conducted with the participation of 47 students of Kerman Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery. At the beginning of the course, adequate explanations on student participation in teaching was given. The process of participatory teaching was performed during each session in ten steps. During the last meeting, data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of demographic variables of collaborative teaching procedures. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.
The findings showed that most students prefered to be taught by the teacher and collaborative teaching was less favorable. The most favorable was "the text read by the teacher", "teaching a lesson by the teacher" and "analyzing the text words by the teacher". The least desirables were “translation by two or more students using a dictionary at any given time” and “translation by two or more students without using a dictionary”.
The results showed that students favoured a lesson that was purely taught by the teacher. The nature of an English course probably yielded these results. Therefore, collaborative teaching should be started at lower levels so that students at higher levels are familiar with this method of teaching.

Innovation networks would cause organizational memory strengthening. So need for utilization, efficient approaches and strategies to create networks are essential. The main purpose of this research was to study the relationship between Jahrom University of medical sciences nurse's innovation networks and organizational memory.
This research was a descriptive-correlative study that was carried out on nurses at Jahrom University of Medical Science during year 2016. Overall, 201 nurses were selected by stratified random sampling method and using Krejcie & Morgan table. The tools were Hekmatniya & Mohammadi innovation networks and Annette organizational memory questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software, repeated measures analysis of variance test, standard T- test, Pearson correlation-coefficients and linear regression.
Amongst Jahrom University of Medical Sciences nurse's innovation networks maximum average belonged to technology-based network and minimum belonged to application-based network. All of the nurse's organizational memory dimensions were higher than the minimum level, but lower than desirable level. Only job awareness was at a desirable level. There was a positive and significant relationship between nurse's innovation networks and organizational memory, and innovation networks were a positive and significant predictor of organizational memory.
Nurse's knowledge is essential for strengthening the innovation of network creation. Therefore, existing knowledge in the organization should be converted to organizational memory and be the basis for knowledge transfer and learning to others.

All humans have thoughts, with only their combination and thinking methods being different. Thus educational systems should provide a field for development and growth of thinking methods and creativity. The main purpose of this research was to study the relationship between thinking skills and creativity among students at Kashan University of Medical Sciences.
We used a cross-correlation method. All students at Kashan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2014-2015 (N = 2095) were selected as the study population. Overall, 169 students were chosen using Cochran Formula with stratified random sampling. For data collection, thinking skills questionnaire with 40 items in five components and creativity questionnaire with 20 items scored on a five-point Likert scale were used. Questionnaires content validity was confirmed by experts. Questionnaire reliability through Cronbach alpha coefficient was estimated as equal to 0.84 for thinking skills and 0.87 for creativity. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 19 software.
The findings showed that mean thinking skills (3.67 ± 0.43) and creativity (3.68 ± 0.40) were higher than average. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship (r = 0.72) between thinking skills components and creativity (P Means of thinking skills and creativity were higher than average and were desirable. Due to the high level of thinking skills and creativity of students and a significant positive relationship between these two variables, it is suggested that university managers should focus their attention to foster thinking skills in their students to provide grounds for creativity so that the students could be thoughtful, creative and innovative in the society.